Compliance with the Covid-19 Protocol for the Overseas Madurese Community in Terms of the Direct and Indirect Effects of Locus of Control, Belief in the Covid Conspiracy Theory, and Anti-Vaccine Attitudes

Abstract

Statistically, Indonesia was recorded as having the highest number of active COVID-19 cases in Asia in 2021. Several clusters of activities and crowds increased confirmed cases in several areas, including Madura, where the number of cases continues to rise. One of the reasons for the increasing number of Covid-19 cases in Madura is a lack of discipline in health protocols, such as wearing masks, keeping a safe distance, and washing hands. The increase in Covid-19 cases in Bangkalan, Madura, was also due to poor health protocol adherence (prokes). The government has issued several policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including a vaccination policy. The vaccination policy is inextricably linked to community debates over efficacy, halal certification, independent vaccines, and red and white vaccines. The vaccination debate has resulted in a societal anti-vaccination attitude. The Madurese community has a distinct collective culture that includes hard, religious, and high conformity. Even when traveling abroad, this rich cultural value does not fade. Even though, in a pandemic situation, various joint activities lead to behavior that violates health protocols, changing collective behavior is extremely difficult. Aside from the strong and distinct cultural background in obedient behavior to health protocols, the value of religiosity psychologically encourages the Madurese community to form a locus of control in dealing with pandemic situations. The purpose of this study is to put the Covid-19 protocol compliance model to the test using locus of control and anti-vaccine attitudes. Based on a study of 245 people with characteristics of an overseas Madurese community. The study's findings indicate that the theoretical model of Covid protocol compliance for the overseas Madurese community was built through direct and indirect influences between the beliefs of the Covid conspiracy theory, locus of control, and anti-vaccine attitudes.