Educational Technology in Early Childhood Education: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

The development of science and technology in the 21st century is currently digital-based. In line with technological progress and innovation, it also impacts the world of education, such as changes in pedagogy and approaches to facilitating and delivering learning content. The advantages and ease of use of technology in education also have great potential to modernize the methodology of traditional teaching and learning systems. Early Childhood Education is vital in becoming the foundation for children's growth and development towards a successful and highly competitive future so that they continue to develop. Educational technology is an inseparable component in supporting the learning process of early childhood. This research uses Systematic Literature Review (SLR) analysis. This research aims to thoroughly explore how technology is used in Early Childhood Education and what aspects of development occur in children who use EdTech in Early Childhood Education. The data source in this research is the Scopus database of 174 documents published in 2018-2022, screened by applying inclusion and exclusion criteria in three different rounds, 13 articles were analyzed in complete text form. This research shows that technology is used in early childhood education to improve cognitive aspects, language, arts, students' interest in learning, and preschool preparation for children. Types of technology that can be applied include PowerPoint, video, digital storytelling, drawing, digital stories, and so on. This research also explains that the use of technology must be adjusted to the age, education level and targets of students. Improper use of technology can cause problems such as children losing their ability to mingle with society and tend to be comfortable with online life. Aspects of development in children that make good use of technology are cognitive aspects, language, art, and increasing knowledge in children, as well as motivation to learn.